Centos7.3搭建LNMP

发布时间：3年前作者：老郭热度： 1843 ℃评论数：

# 1. 安装Nginx
YUM源中没有Nginx，我们需要增加一个nginx的源nginx.repo.

```
# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
```
源文件的内容:

```
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
```
查看Nginx是否配置成功:

```
#yum list nginx
```
出现如下提示：

```
已加载插件：fastestmirror
nginx                                                                           | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
nginx/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                       |  18 kB  00:00:04     
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
可安装的软件包
nginx.x86_64                                  1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx                                  nginx
```

```
#yum list |grep nginx
```

```
nginx.x86_64                               1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx          nginx    
nginx-debug.x86_64                         1:1.8.0-1.el7.ngx           nginx    
nginx-debuginfo.x86_64                     1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx          nginx    
nginx-module-geoip.x86_64                  1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx          nginx    
nginx-module-geoip-debuginfo.x86_64        1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx          nginx    
nginx-module-image-filter.x86_64           1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx          nginx    
nginx-module-image-filter-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx          nginx    
nginx-module-njs.x86_64                    1:1.10.2.0.0.20160414.1c50334fbea6-2.el7.ngx
                                                                       nginx    
nginx-module-njs-debuginfo.x86_64          1:1.10.2.0.0.20160414.1c50334fbea6-2.el7.ngx
                                                                       nginx    
nginx-module-perl.x86_64                   1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx          nginx    
nginx-module-perl-debuginfo.x86_64         1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx          nginx    
nginx-module-xslt.x86_64                   1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx          nginx    
nginx-module-xslt-debuginfo.x86_64         1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx          nginx    
nginx-nr-agent.noarch                      2.0.0-10.el7.ngx            nginx    
pcp-pmda-nginx.x86_64                      3.10.6-2.el7                base
```
安装成功后，就可以直接安装nginx了

```
#yum -y install nginx
```
安装的就是Nginx官网的最新版本。

启动nginx服务

```
sudo systemctl start nginx.service
```
关闭防火墙

```
systemctl start firewalld.service#启动firewall
systemctl stop firewalld.service#停止firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service#禁止firewall开机启动
```
可以使用curl命令查看是否安装成功：

```
#curl 127.0.0.1
```
如果安装成功的话，就会看到输出一个HTML的一个反馈

```
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
```
开机启动设置：

```
sudo systemctl enable nginx.service
```

# 2. 安装MySql（5.7）不成功，并且下载慢，不建议使用。

[Mysql官网](http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/)

```
#rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm
```

查看5.7版本是否已经启用

```
#yum repolist all | grep mysql
```

```
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community         启用:    24
mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - Sourc 禁用
mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community              启用:    38
mysql-tools-community-source      MySQL Tools Community - Source     禁用
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64        MySQL Tools Preview                禁用
mysql-tools-preview-source        MySQL Tools Preview - Source       禁用
mysql55-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.5 Community Server         禁用
mysql55-community-source          MySQL 5.5 Community Server - Sourc 禁用
mysql56-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.6 Community Server         禁用
mysql56-community-source          MySQL 5.6 Community Server - Sourc 禁用
mysql57-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.7 Community Server         启用:   146
mysql57-community-source          MySQL 5.7 Community Server - Sourc 禁用
mysql80-community/x86_64          MySQL 8.0 Community Server         禁用
mysql80-community-source          MySQL 8.0 Community Server - Sourc 禁用
```
如果没有启用的话，我们可以修改源文件:

```
# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
```

```
[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
```
把enabled改为1就可以了，其他的版本改为0

```
[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql80-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-preview]
name=MySQL Tools Preview
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-preview/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
```
修改完成之后查看可用的版本

```
#yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
```

```
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                  24
mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                       38
mysql57-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.7 Community Server                 146
```

如果看到5.7版本启用了之后就可以安装MySql了

```
#yum -y install mysql-community-server
```
安装完成之后，就可以启动mysql了
```
#service mysqld start
```
查看MySql的启动状态

```
#service mysqld status
```

```
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status  mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 日 2017-05-23 22:51:48 CST; 3min 14s ago
  Process: 36884 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 36810 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 36887 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─36887 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

5月 23 22:51:45 192.168.0.14 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
5月 23 22:51:48 192.168.0.14 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
5月 23 22:52:24 192.168.0.14 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
```
开机启动设置

```
#systemctl enable mysqld
#systemctl daemon-reload
```
MySql安装完成之后会在LOG文件(/var/log/mysqld.log)中生成一个root的默认密码:

```
#grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
```

```
2017-05-23T14:51:45.705458Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: d&sqr7dcf7P_
```

登录MySql并修改root密码:

```
#mysql -uroot -p

mysql>set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new psd';
```
扩展阅读：mysql的密码策略

```
mysql>show variables like '%password%';
```

```
+---------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name                         | Value  |
+---------------------------------------+--------+
| default_password_lifetime             | 0      |
| disconnect_on_expired_password        | ON     |
| log_builtin_as_identified_by_password | OFF    |
| mysql_native_password_proxy_users     | OFF    |
| old_passwords                         | 0      |
| report_password                       |        |
| sha256_password_proxy_users           | OFF    |
| validate_password_check_user_name     | OFF    |
| validate_password_dictionary_file     |        |
| validate_password_length              | 8      |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count    | 1      |
| validate_password_number_count        | 1      |
| validate_password_policy              | MEDIUM |
| validate_password_special_char_count  | 1      |
+---------------------------------------+--------+
14 rows in set (0.01 sec)
```
默认的密码策略

```
validate_password_policy：密码策略，默认为MEDIUM策略 
validate_password_dictionary_file：密码策略文件，策略为STRONG才需要 
validate_password_length：密码最少长度 
validate_password_mixed_case_count：大小写字符长度，至少1个 
validate_password_number_count ：数字至少1个 
validate_password_special_char_count：特殊字符至少1个
```
修改密码策略

在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置：
```
# 选择0（LOW），1（MEDIUM），2（STRONG）其中一种，选择2需要提供密码字典文件
validate_password_policy=0
```
修改默认编码

在/etc/my.cnf配置文件的[mysqld]下添加编码配置：

```
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
```

重启mysql，是修改生效

```
#systemctl restart mysqld
```
远程登录用户添加

```
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO 'lmc'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '1qazXsw@' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
```

查看用户

```
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
```

```
由于开始没有关闭SELinux，引起mysql连接失败的解决：
http://www.jianshu.com/p/ddd3ce15cb84
```

# 3. 安装MariaDB(5.5.56)
MariaDB数据库管理系统是MySQL的一个分支，主要由开源社区在维护，采用GPL授权许可 MariaDB的目的是完全兼容MySQL，包括API和命令行，使之能轻松成为MySQL的代替品。

1. 安装MariaDB

```
sudo yum install mariadb-server mariadb
```
2. 开启MariaDB

```
sudo systemctl start mariadb
```

3.  安装安全措施

在成功启动 MariaDB/MySQL 服务后，执行在 MariaDB/MySQL 服务包中的脚本。这一次的运行会为为数据库服务器进行一些安全强化措施，如设置（非空）的 root 密码、删除匿名用户、锁定远程访问。

```
sudo mysql_secure_installation
```
接下来在命令行会提示设置mysql用户名和密码，全选yes。

4.   设置开机自动重启mysql

```
sudo systemctl enable mariadb.service
```

# 4. 安装PHP7

```
#rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
#rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
```
安装PHP7

```
#yum install php70w.x86_64 php70w-cli.x86_64 php70w-common.x86_64 php70w-gd.x86_64 php70w-ldap.x86_64 php70w-mbstring.x86_64 php70w-mcrypt.x86_64 php70w-mysql.x86_64 php70w-pdo.x86_64
```
或者

```
Centos 5.X
rpm -Uvh http://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el5/latest.rpm
CentOs 6.x
rpm -Uvh http://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el6/latest.rpm
CentOs 7.X
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/epel-release.rpm
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
```

编辑php配置文件

```
sudo vi /etc/php.ini
cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
```

安装php-fpm

```
#yum install php70w-fpm php70w-opcache
```
设置php-fpm配置文件

```
sudo vi /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
listen = /var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock
```

启动php-fpm

```
#systemctl start php-fpm
```
开机启动设置

```
#systemctl enable php-fpm
#systemctl daemon-reload
```
配置nginx站点
```
sudo vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
```

```
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

root   /opt/data;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;

location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
#支持thinkphp中的url重定向
        if (!-e  $request_filename) {
            rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?s=$1 last;
        }
    }
    error_page 404 /404.html;
    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
    location ~ \.php$ {
        try_files $uri =404;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}
```

```
vi /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 
```
将
```
;listen.owner = nobody
;listen.group = nobody
;listen.mode = 0660
```
改为：

```
listen.owner = apache
listen.group = apache
listen.mode = 0777
```

重启Nginx使修改生效.

# Phpmyadmin报2003错误，命令行可以进入mysql

1.数据库没有授权

远程连接数据库的时候需要输入用户名和密码

用户名：root

密码:123456

指点ip:%代表所有Ip,此处也可以输入Ip来指定Ip
```
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
```
输入后使修改生效还需要下面的语句

```
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
```

Centos7,LNMP,Linux,Nginx,PHP,MariaDB

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